This study applies the Multi Level Perspective (MLP) on the Dutch land use system. It combines niche and regime analyses to assess the feasibility of a transition in the Dutch land use system. For this, the following niches are considered: Business and biodiversity, agricultural nature conservation, resilient landscapes, renewable energy, urban farming, and tourism. The regime analysis is broken down into the following regimes: nature, water, and urban.
This study applies the Multi Level Perspective (MLP) on the Portuguese land use system. It combines niche and regime analyses to assess the feasibility of a transition in the Portuguese land use system. For this, the following niches are considered: Biodiverse cities, business and biodiversity, multifunctionality for renewable energy, fire resilient landscapes, land sharing and Integrated Territorial Interventions (ITI), rewilding, and biodiverse pastures. The regime analysis is broken down into the following regimes: agriculture, forest, nature, and urban.
WLD (Water, Land and Dikes) is an organisation of farmers that has started as an agricultural nature conservation organisation. Because the organisation was able to get funding for projects, a wide knowledge base was developed that is used for discussing the new Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) with the national government. WLD proposed to do a pilot. In total 4 pilots in 4 different regions were subsidised by the government, of which one pilot was done by WLD. In this pilot WLD practiced with being an ‘implementation organisation’ and developed new services.
This case study illustrates how innovative forms of land management and agro-environment subsidies were developed and implemented in Castro Laboreiro, a small mountain community in Northern Portugal. We assess the innovative ways by which local communities, in cooperation with regional institutions (e.g. Peneda-Gerês National Park), organized themselves in order to access public funds (national and European) for reconciling biodiversity and rural livelihoods. Therefore, this case focus on both social (new forms of organizations) and economic innovations (new forms of getting funding).